Congenital Heart Defects

Overview

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) — abnormalities present at birth — range from minor anomalies to complex malformations that critically affect circulation.

Some of the most common surgically treated CHDs include:

Septal defects

Structural “holes” between cardiac chambers altering flow.

Tetralogy of Fallot

Complex outflow anomalies requiring tailored repair.

Transposition of The Great Arteries

Reversed great vessels demanding early intervention.

Modern techniques increasingly favor minimally invasive or hybrid approaches when feasible. The surgical goal is always the same: restore near-normal hemodynamics while preserving as much native cardiac tissue as possible. Post-operative care is intensive and multidisciplinary, focused on monitoring for arrhythmias, bleeding, or residual shunts.

Modern techniques increasingly favor minimally invasive or hybrid approaches when feasible. The surgical goal is always the same: restore near-normal hemodynamics while preserving as much native cardiac tissue as possible. Post-operative care is intensive and multidisciplinary, focused on monitoring for arrhythmias, bleeding, or residual shunts.